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The Smashing Pumpkins are an alternative rock band formed in Chicago, Illinois in 1988. The band was formed by guitarist/vocalist Billy Corgan and guitarist James Iha after the demise of Corgan's first band, The Marked. Since its inception, The Smashing Pumpkins has gone through multiple line-up changes, with Corgan the only consistent member. After the breakup of his gothic rock band The Marked, singer and guitarist Billy Corgan left St. Petersburg, Florida, to return to his native city of Chicago, where he took a job in a record store. While working there, he met guitarist James Iha. The pair soon began writing songs together with the aid of a drum machine.〔Kot, Greg. "Pumpkin Seeds", ''Guitar World''. January 2002.〕 Corgan met bassist D'arcy Wretzky in mid 1988 after a show by the Dan Reed Network where they argued the merits of the band. After finding out Wretzky played bass, Corgan stated his band's need for a bassist and gave Wretzky his telephone number. Wretzky soon joined the band, and she and Iha later had a short-lived romance.〔"From Fighting to Smashing", ''Washington Post''. November 19, 1993.〕 The first performance of The Smashing Pumpkins was on July 9, 1988, at the Polish bar Chicago 21. This performance included only Corgan and Iha with a drum machine.〔Kelly, Christina. "Smashing Pumpkins: The Multi-Platinum Band Is Over the Infighting But Can the Harmony Last?", ''US Weekly''. December 1, 1995〕 On August 10, 1988, the band played for the first time as a trio at the Avalon Nightclub.〔"Jimmy Chamberlin ()", ''Modern Drummer''. January 1994.〕 After this show, Cabaret Metro owner Joe Shanahan agreed to book the band on the condition that they replace the drum machine with a live drummer. Jazz drummer Jimmy Chamberlin was recruited for the band after a recommendation from a friend of Corgan's.〔 On October 5, 1988, the complete band took the stage for the first time at the Cabaret Metro.〔 Soon after the release of their third album, ''Mellon Collie and the Infinite Sadness'' in 1995, the group recruited keyboardist Jonathan Melvoin to perform on the ensuing tour. However, on July 11, 1996, Melvion and Chamberlin overdosed on heroin in a New York City hotel room. Melvoin died, and Chamberlin was arrested for drug possession. A few days later, the band announced that Chamberlin had been fired as a result of the incident. The Pumpkins chose to finish the tour, and hired drummer Matt Walker and keyboardist Dennis Flemion as temporary replacements. Corgan later said the decision to continue touring was the worst the band had ever made, damaging both their music and their reputation.〔 In early 1999, Jimmy Chamberlin rejoined the band; however, the lineup was short-lived, as bassist D'arcy Wretzky announced her departure that September. She was subsequently replaced by former Hole bassist, Melissa Auf der Maur, who performed on the “Sacred and Profane" tour and appeared in music videos. On May 23, 2000, in a live radio interview on KROQ-FM (Los Angeles), Billy Corgan announced the band's decision to break up at the end of that year following additional touring and recording. The Smashing Pumpkins played at the Cabaret Metro on December 2, 2000, before a six-year disbandment. On July 21, 2005, Corgan stated in full-page advertisements in the ''Chicago Tribune'' and ''Chicago Sun-Times'' to announce that he had planned to reunite the band.〔Corgan, Billy. "A Message to Chicago from Billy Corgan", ''Chicago Tribune'', June 21, 2005.〕 On April 20, 2006, the band's official website confirmed the reunion. Corgan and Chamberlin were verified as participants in the reunion, but there was question as to whether other former members of the band would participate. In April 2007, Iha and Auf der Maur separately confirmed that they were not taking part in the reunion. Wretzky did not make an announcement, but Chamberlin would later state that Iha and Wretzky "didn't want to be a part of" the reunion.〔Micallef, Ken. "The Evolution of Jimmy Chamberlin: Still Smashing!" ''Modern Drummer''. November 2007.〕 The Smashing Pumpkins performed live for the first time since 2000 on May 22, 2007, in Paris, France, with new members Jeff Schroeder on guitar and Ginger Reyes on bass guitar, as well as keyboardist Lisa Harriton. This line-up toured to promote the 2007 album ''Zeitgeist'' and performed again throughout 2008 to celebrate the band's 20th anniversary—this time, the instrumentation was augmented by No Doubt trumpeter Stephen Bradley and trombonist Gabrial McNair, Kristopher Pooley on accordion and keyboards, and Gingger Shankar playing the rare 10-string violin. In March 2009, Corgan announced on the band's website that longtime drummer Jimmy Chamberlin, had left the group; Chamberlin stated that the split was amicable, commenting that he was "glad () has chosen to continue under the name. It is his right." Corgan later stated that he fired Chamberlin and began searching for his replacement.〔("Billy Corgan on Pumpkins' Split, “Loving” Jessica Simpson: Preview the Story" ). ''Rolling Stone''. March 3, 2010.〕 In August 2009, Corgan confirmed on the band's website that drummer Mike Byrne had replaced Chamberlin after a series of open auditions. Keyboardist Lisa Harriton quietly left the group in 2009.〔 In March 2010, bassist Ginger Reyes (now Ginger Pooley) officially left the band in order to focus on her family and was briefly replaced by Mark Tulin of The Electric Prunes. In May 2010, Nicole Fiorentino was announced as the official replacement for Pooley.〔"(Smashing Pumpkins Acknowledge Report Identifying New Bassist )". HipstersUnited.com. 2010-05-08.〕 However, she was later dismissed from the band in 2014. In 2015, Chamberlin rejoined the band once again. == Members == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「List of The Smashing Pumpkins band members」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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